Bones: The Foundation of Movement
The hand and wrist contain 27 bones working together:
- Carpal bones: Form the wrist and enable flexion, extension, and rotation
- Metacarpal bones: Connect the wrist to fingers and support grip and strength
- Phalanges: Each finger has three bones, except the thumb which has two
Joints: Where Motion Begins
Dozens of joints allow the hand and fingers to bend, straighten, and rotate. “The wrist joint itself is a complex arrangement of ligaments, tendons, and small bones working as a unit.” These enable both precision tasks and strength-based activities.
Muscles and Tendons: Power in Motion
Forearm muscles contract to pull tendons connected to fingers and thumb. Small hand muscles support fine movements like pinching or typing. Since tendons travel through tight passages, minor inflammation can cause pain or limitation.
Nerves: Control and Sensation
Three major nerves, median, ulnar, and radial, travel from forearm to hand, controlling movement and providing sensation. Compression or injury can cause numbness, tingling, or weakness.
Ligaments: Stability and Support
These connective tissue bands connect bone to bone, maintaining joint alignment during movement. Overstretching or tearing compromises stability.
When to See a Hand Specialist
Persistent pain, swelling, numbness, or weakness warrants professional evaluation to prevent minor injuries from becoming chronic impairments.
