Types of Arthritis
Osteoarthritis
The most prevalent form in the United States, osteoarthritis develops “when the smooth cartilage that lines the joint begins to become thinner and rougher.” As the condition progresses, bone spurs may develop and cartilage can deteriorate significantly, causing bones to rub together and potentially alter joint shape.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
This autoimmune condition occurs when “the immune system attacks the joints, causing pain and swelling.” Like osteoarthritis, it can lead to bone and cartilage deterioration with permanent joint damage.
Symptoms of Arthritis in the Hands
Common hand arthritis symptoms include:
- Pain and tenderness around the wrist, thumb, and finger joints
- Inflammation with possible redness and warmth
- Joint stiffness and reduced mobility
- Weakness, such as difficulty gripping objects
Treatment Options
While arthritis lacks a permanent cure, several management approaches can slow progression:
Hand exercises improve joint flexibility and reduce pain through increased synovial fluid production and improved range of motion.
Pain relief medications address discomfort, with non-steroidal anti-inflammatories also reducing swelling.
Corticosteroids control inflammation either orally or through direct joint injection.
Surgery represents a final option, involving either arthrodesis (fusing bones) or arthroplasty (joint replacement with artificial implants).
